Ellagic acid, also known as gallic acid and carnosic acid, is a dimeric derivative of gallic acid with the molecular formula C14H16O18. ellagic acid is a polyphenolic di-lactone with a high degree of thermal stability. Its 4 rings represent its lipophilic structure, with 4 phenolic groups and 2 lactone rings in the hydrophilic part, and these structural properties lead to ellagic acid's poor hydrophilicity and lipophilicity. It is a natural plant polyphenol, usually in the form of yellow needle-like crystals, with a relative molecular weight of 302.28 and a melting point greater than 360 °C. It is slightly soluble in water and alcohol, soluble in alkali and pyridine, and insoluble in ether. The aqueous solution of ellagic acid is unstable, solubility increases relatively with the rise of temperature, and the stability of aqueous solution of ellagic acid treated at different temperatures decreases to some extent. The solution pH has a great influence on the stability of ellagic acid, which is less stable under alkaline conditions, probably because ellagic acid contains ester groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups, which easily react with alkali, while its lactone structure also easily decomposes under the action of alkali. Ellagic acid absorbs ultraviolet light, and its aqueous solution will undergo its own oxidative polymerization after UV irradiation, therefore, its stability will be somewhat reduced under UV irradiation. The maximum absorption wavelengths of ellagic acid in ethanol solution are 255 and 366 nm, and it appears blue when exposed to ferric chloride and yellow when exposed to sulfuric acid.Greiss-meger reaction is positive, and it is also easily bound to metal cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+.
1. For skin whitening, it inhibits tyrosinase activity and blocks melanin production, which has whitening and spot lightening effects.
2. In addition, ellagic acid can effectively protect from external damage. It blocks tyrosinase activity, inhibits melanin production, and has an antioxidant effect. That is to say, it is excellent in shutting down the reaction of melanin pigment production in melanogenic cells and has antioxidant effect.
3. Ellagic acid has strong free radical scavenging and antioxidant ability. Ellagic acid has a scavenging effect on both oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and its ability to scavenge free radicals is higher in size than antioxidants such as sesquiterpene, olive leaf extract and luteolin.
4. Ellagic acid also strongly inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by adriamycin. Ellagic acid inhibits iron myoglobin / hydrogen peroxide-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ellagic acid prevents lipid peroxidation (LPO) triggered by exogenous substances in T cells, inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and ameliorates cell death caused by cytotoxins.
5. Ellagic acid is a potent inhibitor of eosinophils and can be used to treat allergic inflammation. Ellagic acid has hepatoprotective effects as it is resistant to carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro, and also resists tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation.
| Product Name: | Pomegranate Peel Extract | Part Used: | Peel |
| Item | Specification Method | Result | Method |
| Physical and Chemical Property | |||
| Content | 90% Ellagic acid | 90.71% | HPLC |
| Appearance | Grey Powder | Conforms | Visual |
| Particle size | ≥95% through 80 mesh | Conforms | Screening |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤1g/100g | 0.50g/100g | 3g/550℃/4hrs |
| Loss on Drying | ≤5g/100g | 3.57g/100g | 5g/105℃/2hrs |
| Identification | Conforms with TLC | Conforms | TLC |
| Residue Analysis | |||
| Heavy Metals | ≤10mg/kg | Conforms | |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤1.00mg/kg | Conforms | ICP-MS |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤1.00mg/kg | Conforms | ICP-MS |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤1.00mg/kg | Conforms | ICP-MS |
| Mercury (Hg) | ≤0.50mg/kg | Conforms | ICP-MS |
| Microbiological Tests | |||
| Total Plate Count | ≤1000cfu/g | 200cfu/g | AOAC 990.12 |
| Total Yeast & Mold | ≤100cfu/g | 10cfu/g | AOAC 997.02 |
| E.Coli. | Negative/10g | Conforms | AOAC 991.14 |
| Salmonella | Negative/10g | Conforms | AOAC 998.09 |
| S.aureus | Negative/10g | Conforms | AOAC 2003.07 |
| Product Status | |||
| Conclusion: | Sample Qualified. | ||
| Shelf Life: | 24 months under the conditions below and in its original packaging. | ||
| Retest date: | Retest every 24 months under the conditions below and in its original packaging. | ||
| Storage: | Store in a cool, dry place away from Moisture, Light. | ||